X-ray absorption spectroscopy for lead speciation of dispersed mine waste

Lead Speciation in Single and Mixed Mineral Systems Using X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy (XAFS)

X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy

X-ray absorptioń spectroscopy, today widely used as a tool for structural investigations, is described. Theoretically it is shown that above an absorption edge the absorption coefficient is well approximated by a sum of terms, each one describing a particular path followed by the photoelectron outgoing from the atom. Such geometrical feature allows to use X-ray absorption spectroscopy for struc...

X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy

1.59.1 PHYSICS OF X-RAY ABSORPTION 1 1.59.1.1 X-ray Absorption Edges 2 1.59.1.2 X-ray Fluorescence 3 1.59.1.3 Measurement of X-ray Absorption Spectra 3 1.59.2 EXTENDED X-RAY ABSORPTION FINE STRUCTURE 6 1.59.2.1 Theoretical Description of EXAFS Spectra 6 1.59.2.1.1 Single scattering 6 1.59.2.1.2 Multiple scattering 8 1.59.2.1.3 Other corrections to the EXAFS equation 9 1.59.2.2 Programs for Calc...

Methods of determining lead speciation in fly ash by X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy and a sequential extraction procedure.

Understanding the chemical state of lead in fly ash generated from a waste thermal treatment is important, since the toxicity and solubility of the element depends on its chemical state. This study identified three potential methods for obtaining quantitative information regarding the chemical state of lead in fly ash: X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analysis, extended X-ray absorp...

X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Using X–ray Fluorescence Spectrometer

Strong characteristic Kα X-ray lines are accompanied by weak lines due to the radiative Auger effect (RAE) [1, 2]. The characteristic Kα fluorescent X-rays (K-L2,3 lines) are emitted by the 2p→1s electric dipole transition after one of the 1s electron photoionization, Though the probability is less than 0.01, one of the 2p electrons is excited into an unoccupied discrete or continuum level simu...